Human DNA is similar in almost all its aspects with regards to its chemical components or framework. The DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid structure consists of base pairs of nucleotides, which occupy either ends of a DNA strand. Each animal or species has millions of such base pairs in their makeup. The sequence in which these pairs appear is not uniform and varies with every case being considered. This is what imparts the uniqueness to every human DNA structure. The process of analyzing or comparing these sequences is referred to as DNA fingerprinting, DNA profiling or DNA typing. Although, it is practically impossible to track all the base pair patterns (as it would take a lot of time), the repetition sequence of a part is used in DNA fingerprinting. The DNA fingerprinting process is complex and is done at special certified labs only.
The science of DNA sequencing has developed a lot since the first profiling was done in the year 1985 by Sir Alec Jeffreys in England. There were many DNA research activities undertaken earlier to understand exactly what the process of DNA fingerprinting was. Since Sir Jeffery's discovery at the University of Leicester, human genetic science has made great strides in identification of unique DNA patterns.
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